Daniel Cohen

English Literature

4/19/06

 

Book Report: Titus Andronicus by William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

 

Many feel that Titus was Shakespeare’s worst play. “If scholars acknowledge the hand of the great master in this work at all, they usually point to his youth as an excuse for the assumed poverty of its quality (Shakespeare would have been 26 at the time, with Titus Andronicus marking his first attempt at writing tragedy).”

T.S. Eliot said, “One of the stupidest and most uninspiring plays ever written.”

Titus is certainly the bloodiest of Shakespeare’s plays. It was very popular in its day, but was so extreme in its violence that it was not produced again for hundreds of years. When revived in the 1950s people fainted in the theater and had to be hauled away in ambulances.

This play is that it is all about revenge.

 

Principle Characters

  • Titus, his sons (Lucius, Quintus, Martius, Mutius), daughter (Lavinia) and brother (Marcus)
  • Roman Emperor Saturnius and his brother (Brassianus)
  • The Goths: Tamora and her 3 sons (Alarbus, Demetrius and Chiron) and her servant/lover the Moor Aaron

 




Summary:

In Imperial Rome, Titus, a general returns victorious from war with the Goths. He kills the eldest of three captured princes, as is traditional, and earns the enmity of the victim’s mother, Queen Tamora. This is the cause for the first round of revenge.

Through several plot twists, Tamora marries the Emperor of Rome. Tamora and her henchman, the evil Aaron, mastermind a plot to murder the emperor’s brother and to arrest Titus’ sons for the crime. Then, they arrange for Tamora’s two remaining sons to rape Lavinia, Titus’ daughter and to have her hands and tongue cut off so that she cannot describe her assailants. Aaron convinces Titus that if he will cut off one of his hands he can spare the lives of his two sons. Of course, they kill them anyway. Lavinia walks around for the rest of the play, wailing incoherently with bloody stumps.

From this point on, the pendulum of revenge swings to Titus and the balance of the play involves his plot to ensure the deaths of all the Goths. The most grotesque aspect of this plot is the killing of Tamora’s sons, the subsequent grinding of their bones to dust, mixing it with their blood to prepare a paste in which to bake their heads prior to feeding said meal to mom. Just about everyone, including Titus, dies.

      Of particular interest is the character of the most evil Aaron, a truly malignant Moor.

 

Sources:

  1. Arden Shakespeare Complete Works; Proudfoot, Richard, et al, 1998, Thompson Learning, London.
  2. The Friendly Shakespeare; Epstein, Norrie, 1993, Penguin ooks, NY.
  3. Titus Andronicus; Sparknotes, http://www.sparknotes.com/shakespeare/titus/context.html